Isabelle Perrault has published "« Sans honte et sans regret » : Les chemins de traverse entre le pénal et le psychiatrique dans les cas d’aliénation criminelle à Montréal, 1920–1950" in Canadian Bulletin of Medical History/Bulletin Canadien d'histoire de la medicine.
Abstract:
C’est le Dr Daniel Plouffe, psychiatre responsable des cas de transferts de femmes de la Prison des femmes Fullum à l’Hôpital Saint-Jean-de-Dieu et du traitement des hommes internés à l’Hôpital pour aliénés criminels de la Prison de Bordeaux, qui est en charge de l’évaluation des aliénés criminels entre 1920 et 1950. À l’aide des dossiers de patients internés à l’Hôpital Saint-Jean-de-Dieu, cet article propose une analyse des comportements criminels et, surtout, des indices permettant aux nouveaux experts de statuer sur l’état mental de la personne lors du crime. Assauts, vagabondage, prostitution, pyromanie, violence,et vols sont quelques-uns des comportements inscrits au dossier qui ont déclenché le processus judiciaire de mise à l’écart et, par la suite, de psychiatrisation.
Ces dossiers serviront à illustrer les lentes mais fructueuses tentatives des médecins légistes et psychiatres qui ont exercé des pressions pour la reconnaissance de ce champ d’expertise où on entend traiter plutôt que punir les criminels mentalement dérangés.
Dr Daniel Plouffe, the psychiatrist in charge of women’s transfers from the Fullum Women Prison to Saint-Jean-de-Dieu Hospital and of men’s incarceration at Bordeaux Hospital for the Insane, was, more generally, the one who evaluated the criminally insane between 1920 and 1950. Using records of patients committed to Saint-Jean-de-Dieu Hospital, this article provides an analysis of criminal behaviour and, most importantly, of signs on which new experts could decide the mental state (mind) of a person during a crime. Assault, vagrancy, prostitution, arson, violence, and theft are some of the behaviours noted in the records that triggered the judicial process leading to the segregation of individuals and subsequently, to their receiving a psychiatric diagnosis.
These cases serve to illustrate the slow but successful attempts of forensic psychiatrists who lobbied for the recognition of this field of expertise and who intended to treat rather than punish criminals who were recognized as mentally disturbed.
Ces dossiers serviront à illustrer les lentes mais fructueuses tentatives des médecins légistes et psychiatres qui ont exercé des pressions pour la reconnaissance de ce champ d’expertise où on entend traiter plutôt que punir les criminels mentalement dérangés.
Dr Daniel Plouffe, the psychiatrist in charge of women’s transfers from the Fullum Women Prison to Saint-Jean-de-Dieu Hospital and of men’s incarceration at Bordeaux Hospital for the Insane, was, more generally, the one who evaluated the criminally insane between 1920 and 1950. Using records of patients committed to Saint-Jean-de-Dieu Hospital, this article provides an analysis of criminal behaviour and, most importantly, of signs on which new experts could decide the mental state (mind) of a person during a crime. Assault, vagrancy, prostitution, arson, violence, and theft are some of the behaviours noted in the records that triggered the judicial process leading to the segregation of individuals and subsequently, to their receiving a psychiatric diagnosis.
These cases serve to illustrate the slow but successful attempts of forensic psychiatrists who lobbied for the recognition of this field of expertise and who intended to treat rather than punish criminals who were recognized as mentally disturbed.
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